Flexible test bench for realistic service life and functional testing of gearboxes and electric motors (gearbox)

SPIE AUTOMATION has developed a modular and scalable test bench for service life and functional testing of gearboxes and electric motors (gearbox) used in electrically adjustable car seat backrests. The system enables reproducible tests under realistic mechanical and climatic conditions and provides a future-proof platform for flexible testing requirements.

A measurement tower with a screen and keyboard can be seen on the left side. An industrial hall is visible in the background. The hardware can be seen on the right side.
Fig.: Flexible test bench © SPIE AUTOMATION

Challenge and Objective

The customer’s goal was to test their gearboxes and electric motors under the most realistic operating conditions possible. To achieve this, the electrical sequence of folding the seat backrest forward and backward had to be simulated—including dynamic loads such as those caused by a seated person. At the same time, there was a requirement to be able to test different components and types variably without having to create new test setups or software adjustments for each variant. The goal was therefore to develop a test bench solution that offers maximum flexibility and enables reproducible tests. Both manual and fully automated test sequences were to be supported. The test parameters had to be dynamically adjustable to react to changing requirements. Via a user-friendly interface, the user should be able to freely define individual test cycles and driving profiles—at any time and without programming knowledge. Additionally, it was planned to test several test specimens in parallel, with each test station operating independently.

Solution

The project was implemented by colleagues at the SPIE AUTOMATION branch in Haßfurt. The development process was as follows: At the beginning, the performance specifications were analyzed in detail to fully capture all functional and technical requirements for mechanics, electronics, and software. The focus was particularly on the required limit values, interfaces, and the intended operating conditions within the climate chamber. Based on this, the mechanical design of the test bench was developed and finalized in close coordination with the customer. After approval, it was handed over to production. In parallel, all electrical components were selected. Only components that meet the high requirements for precision, reliability, temperature resistance, and scalability were used. The complete system concept—consisting of mechanics, electronics, and software architecture—was presented to the customer, jointly coordinated, and approved. After completion of the mechanical production, the electrical design was implemented, and the control cabinet was built and installed. Software development ran parallel to the assembly of the system. Functions were implemented to support manual and automated test sequences, dynamically configurable test parameters, and an intuitive user interface. This allows for the flexible configuration of individual test cycles and driving profiles. After the electrical installation, the initial commissioning of the hardware took place. Subsequently, the PC program was integrated, and the entire system was fully put into operation. All functions were tested and validated. For quality assurance, multi-day endurance tests were carried out under real ambient temperatures. The measurement data collected was documented and provided to the customer for evaluation. After completion of all technical and functional work, the full technical documentation was created. This included, among other things, circuit diagrams in Eplan, parts lists, software descriptions, operating instructions, and safety assessments. Within the framework of the CE declaration of conformity, all relevant directives and standards were checked and complied with, and the system was labeled and handed over accordingly.

Several technical challenges had to be overcome during implementation. One of the greatest was designing the testing and measurement technology to permanently withstand the extreme climatic conditions within the walk-in climate chamber. To avoid moisture ingress and strong temperature fluctuations, automated climate control was developed for the testing area. This allows for active heating as needed, as well as targeted cooling with ambient air from outside the climate chamber. The PC tower with all the measurement technology was deliberately positioned outside the climate chamber and connected to the test frame via pluggable connections. This reduces climatic stress and facilitates maintenance and replacement. Another central challenge lay in software development. The simulation of real load curves required high-resolution and time-synchronous processing, as the specification curves contain new setpoints every 0.1°. Additionally, a mechanical stop in the vehicle had to be simulated by the servo drive. A torque of 40 Nm had to be generated within 120 to 150 ms without significant overshoot. These requirements were reliably met through optimized control and powerful hardware.

Benefits

Today, the customer benefits from a testing system that enables fully automated endurance tests over several weeks without manual intervention. Four independent test specimen stations allow for the parallel testing of different gearboxes and electric motors with individual test parameters, driving profiles, and sequences. Thanks to the modular and scalable architecture, testing processes can be designed efficiently and flexibly adapted to new requirements. The customer thus has a uniform, future-proof testing platform for realistic functional and service life tests.

These SPIE AUTOMATION Strengths Were Applied

About our customer
The company is a globally active automotive supplier focusing on mechatronic systems. It develops and produces technologically sophisticated components and solutions for various vehicle applications.

Industry
Automotive supplier

I am very satisfied with the project implementation, as we were able to provide the customer with a complete testing system from a single source on schedule. The solution meets all technical requirements and offers high flexibility for testing different types.

Uwe Schweinfest
Software
SPIE AUTOMATION
The image shows the hardware setup.
Fig.: Hardware setup © SPIE AUTOMATION
Fig.: Layout of the part in the climate chamber © SPIE AUTOMATION

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